Масло в кпп шеви нива: Трансмиссионное масло для Нивы Шевроле: какое лучше и как заменить?

Сколько литров масла заливать в коробку передач Шевроле Нива

Chevrolet Niva – самый доступный полноприводный внедорожник на российском рынке. Не смотря на устаревшую конструкцию, машина по-прежнему актуальна, как никогда. Этому способствуют не только утилитарный классический дизайн, но легендарная ремонтопригодность. Простая конструкция позволяет обслуживать машину в гаражных условиях с использованием подручных приспособлением. Не составит особого труда и заменить масло в коробке передач, однако особое внимание в этой статье уделено объему масла в трансмиссии. Вместе с тем, не менее важно знать и другие параметры, в том числе периодичность замены масла, как его правильно выбрать и какие лучшие бренды предпочесть.

Регламент

В случае с Chevrolet Niva завод рекомендует выполнять замену трансмиссионного вещества каждые 45 тысяч километров. Примечательно, что в данном случае производитель учел сложные условия эксплуатации. Впрочем, данный автомобиль как раз и предназначен для тяжелых дорожных испытаний. Внедорожник хорошо переносит перегрузки, а мощная и прочная подвеска обеспечивает великолепную плавность хода и выдающуюся геометрическую проходимость. Речь идет о другом – о сроке службы масла, которое в подобных условиях эксплуатации придется менять значительно чаще, чем положено по регламенту. Поэтому регламент в 45 тысяч километров можно назвать условным. К тому же, на выносливость масла негативно влияет и человеческий фактор, а именно ошибки водителя, которые он допускает в суровых условиях – например, неправильно переходит с одной передачи на другую (или неправильно работает сцеплением), постоянно превышает скорость, совершает резкие маневры и т. д. Вместе с тем, сюда можно добавить грязь и слякоть на дорогах, повышенную влажность, выпадение различных осадков (например, дождь со снегом и градом). Исходя из этого, можно сделать вывод: даже если автомобиль приспособлен к тяжелым нагрузкам, это не означает, что масло в таких условиях тоже рассчитано на долгий срок службы. Со временем оно утратит свои свойства, но в данной ситуации это наступит значительно раньше. Поэтому более частой замены масла не избежать. Например, опытные владельцы Niva предпочитают сокращать регламент до 30 или 25 тысяч. К тому же, они заранее проверяют объем масла, и постоянно следят за его состоянием.

Проверяем объем и состояние масла

Уровень оставшегося масла в трансмиссии проверяют специальным щупом, на котором изображены две мерные риски – Max и Min. По ним можно определить, хватает ли масла в коробке. Если жидкость находится ниже минимальной нормы (Min), тогда долить немного масла все же придется. При этом важно не допустить перелива, иначе возникнет еще одна проблема – придется лезть под капот и сливать лишнее масло. Масло доводится до оптимального уровня – между метками Max и Min. Данная процедура выполняется за несколько минут, но к сожалению, она актуальна только для небольших пробегов.

Большой пробег автомобиля, либо несвоевременная замена масла – лишь две из многих причин, по которым стоит проверить состояние масла. В таких случаях существенно возрастает вероятность того, что жидкость больше не способна эффективно охлаждать детали КПП и предотвращать их от перегрева. На это указывают следующие факторы – помутневший и потемневший цвет масла, а также неприятный специфический запах, или еще хуже – наличие металлических частиц внутри масла. Убедившись в негодности масла, нужно как можно быстрее приступить к его замене.

Выбираем масло для МКПП Chevrolet Niva

Чтобы быть уверенным в качестве и надежности масла, его следует подбирать по параметрам, разработанным инженерами концерна GM-АвтоВАЗ. Например, в первую очередь надо исходить из вязкостных характеристик, а именно обращают внимание на маркировку 80W-90 со спецификацией GL-4 или GL-5.

Тип масла – синтетическое, минеральное и полусинтетическое. Синтетический продукт считается лучшим среди всех представленных. Это самое текучее и жидкое масло, обладающее длительным сроком службы.

Полусинтетику и «минералку» тоже можно использовать для Chevrolet Niva, но только при большом пробеге, и в теплую погоду.

Разобравшись с параметрами, определимся с выбором подходящего бренда. Среди самых признанных назовем продукты фирм Castrol, Shell, Лукойл, Роснефть, G-Energy, Mobil и другие.

Сколько заливать

Объем заливаемой жидкости в коробку передач Chevrolet Niva составляет 1,6 литра. Столько масла влезет после полноценной прочистки КПП от старого вещества и различных отложений. Полная промывка трансмиссии необходима при большом пробеге. Процедура выполняется в дилерском центре, либо домашним способом. Здесь самое главное – это этап промывки, при котором специальном вещество прогоняется по всей трансмиссии при включенном двигателе. Затем промывочная жидкость сливается из коробки, и потом вводится новое масло в указанном объеме 1,6 литра. Уровень жидкости доводят до нормы мерным щупом.

90000 Niva Newbie Guide :: Essential reading 90001 Niva Newbie Guide :: Essential reading 90002 | Home | Newbies Guide | Technical Resources | Lada Niva Clubs | Niva Lift Kits | Gallery | Links | 90003 90004 90005 90006 Baxter’s Advice for Niva Newbies. 90007 90008 90009 90004 90009 90004 90009 90004 90009 90004 90009 90004 90009 Welcome to the world of Niva ownership.Nivas are great little vehicles -but there’s a few little quirks you should know about. This page is focused on 1600 carburetor Niva models, but much of it applies to other Nivas as well. 90004 90009 90022 Have not got a Niva yet? Here’s a UK Niva Buyers Guide, and an Australian Niva Buyer’s Guide, and my thoughts on an older Niva as a Daily Driver. 90023 90004 90025 90004 90025 90006 90003 Diff-lock & Low-range 90007 90022 90023 90006 90007 90022 90023 90004 90025 90006 Diff-lock: 90007 The Niva has a centre diff-lock in it’s transfer-case; when engaged this locks the front and rear differentials into turning at the same time (90022 ie to aid traction off-road 90023).However, DO NOT DRIVE ON SEALED ROADS WITH DIFF-LOCK ENGANGED; it should only be engaged on loose or slippery surfaces (90022 eg mud, grass, sand, gravel 90023). The diff-lock is controlled by the forward-most of the 2 smaller gear levers, shift it backwards to engage (90022 an orange light on the dash should turn on when it’s engaged 90023), and shift it forwards to disengage. It can be engaged on the move if necessary, but not while wildy spinning wheels.90003 90022 Tip: Sometimes the diff-lock can feel jammed in place — they can be a stiff (especially if only seldom used) and can need a bit of a shove, but do not force it — simply reverse back a few feet and try again. This make take several goes 90023 90004 90025 90006 Low-range: 90007 The Niva transfer-case also contains a low-range gear for slower crawling speeds. This is controlled by the rear-most of the 2 smaller gear levers, shift it forwards to engage low-range, and backwards to re-select normal range.DO NOT SHIFT HI-LO WHEN ON THE MOVE, it’d be like trying to change gear without using the clutch. Here’s a very bad rhyme to help you remember: 90022 90006 Hi-Lo on the fly? — No! 90007 90023 90003 90022 Tip: between Lo and Hi there’s a ‘Neutral’ position, this can be handy when servicing and you need the gearbox etc to spin, but not the wheels. 90023 90004 90025 90004 90025 90006 90003 Timing chain 90007 90022 90006 — Essential 90007 90023 90006 90007 90004 90025 The timing chain has a manual adjuster than needs to be adjusted every 10,000 km or it will develop into an increasingly serious sounding noise, and eventually do 90022 90006 terminal damage to your head 90007 90023.90004 90025 Luckily, to adjust it is a easy five minute job. 90004 90025 90006 Here’s how I do it 90007, or check in the workshop manual. Indeed I highly recommend buying or downloading 90006 the workshop manual 90007 as the Niva is generally an easy DIY car. And if you download the manual you can also find the instructions to adjust the points, timing, and valve clearances, etc, which is a great idea as well if you have no idea when your new toy was last serviced… 90004 90025 90004 90025 90006 90003 Oil changes 90022 90023 90007 90022 90006 — Essential 90007 90023 90006 90007 90004 90025 Ladas have a name for unreliability, but this is mostly unfounded and largely due to owners maintaining — 90022 or rather not maintaining 90023 — a car essentially designed in the ’60s as if it were a modern design. Preventative maintenance is 90022 90006 essential 90007 90023 to Niva ownership.Oil is especially essential to change often in your Niva, especially if you use it off-road. It’s easy and cheap insurance. 90004 90025 So get the oil-pan out and change the oils this weekend. I recommend changing all the oils in the engine, gear-box (90022 see below 90023), transfer-case, both differentials and the steering-box. The 12mm hex Allen key you need for the drain plugs should be in your Niva tool-kit. 90006 Oil specs here 90007. 90003 90022 Tip: The distributor has a small pipe on its side with a clip cover, drop a few drops of household oil into this regularly to ensure the 90023 90022 distributor is lubricated.90023 90004 90025 Also the joints in the drive-shaft have grease nipples and need done regularly to keep things ship-shape. 90004 90025 90004 90009 90006 90003 Gear-box overfill & minimum speed 90022 90023 90007 90022 90006 — Essential 90007 90023 90006 90007 90004 90025 The gear-box is the 5-speed Niva’s weak point. Luckily there’s a couple of precautions you can take: 90004 90025 The manual says 90006 not to operate fifth at under 80 kph 90007, and the Australian Lada parts company recommends a 90022 90006 90 kph minimum 90007 90023 and has indeed sold less replacement fifth gears since issuing this advice.The South African parts dealer recommends a 120kph or 4500 rpm minimum for fifth (90022 as my top speed is about 120 I’m not sure if they’re taking the pish 90023 :)). 90004 90025 Also, a popular — 90022 and widely considered essential 90023 — method of helping preserve the gearbox is to 90022 90006 overfill it so 5th gets improved lubrication 90007 90023. 1.8 to 2 litres is the recommended amount instead of the factory recommended 1.3 litres. This amount fills the gearbox above the level of the filling plug, you can tilt the car over and get enough in, but it’s fairly easy to pour into the ‘box from the top by removing the shifter lever (90022 an easy job, 90006 instructions here 90007 90023). 90004 90025 If you get the chance it also pays to ensure the gearbox’s main rear bolt (90022 on the output shaft 90023) is tight, and locked in place. If it loosens 5th will be able to jump out, and damage will occur.If you have popping out of gear or other gearbox issues check out the gearbox fault finding page. 90004 90025 Lastly, Do not use GL5 spec oil in the gearbox if you can not be sure it is 100% yellow-metal safe (90022 most GL5s are fine these days, but some old style GL5s are high in sulphur content and this can degrade to become acidic and damage the yellow-metals in some Niva ‘boxes. GL4, which does not do such damage, seems to be adequate oil for the gearbox — 90023 90022 see more about the potential problem with high sulphur content gearbox oils on the Oils page 90023).90004 90025 90004 90025 90006 90003 Why’s the gearbox noisy & vibey? 90006 90007 90007 90004 90025 Nivas have divorced gearboxes and transfer-cases which need to be aligned with each other to run smoothly. Transmission rumble and vibrations can not be completely removed, but they should not be that bad (90022 indeed if they are they will likely be doing damage 90023). Here’s how to 90006 align the Transfer-case 90007. And here’s some transfer-case mount upgrade options.90004 90025 If the gearbox is making mechanical noises you may have other gearbox issues. 90004 90025 90004 90025 90194 90006 90003 Use Genuine parts 90006 90007 90007 90004 90025 Because of Lada’s supposed lack of quality many people assume that aftermarket parts are better than Lada parts. This is not the case. Indeed cheap parts sourced from countries with ultra cheap labour have far less quality controls, if indeed any.Oil filters are a prime example. 90003 Further, Lada parts are designed to work with other Lada parts, some after-market parts are not properly compatible with Lada’s; 90022 eg many aftermarket brake pads are too hard and give a crappy pedal feel, and wear your Lada discs out. 90023 90004 90025 In markets were Lada has withdrawn (90022 ie mostly counties that drive on the left side of the road 90023) there are no longer official dealers.However, quality or genuine VAZ / Lada factory parts are thankfully still easily available: 90004 90210 90211 90006 Australia & New Zealand 90007 — Gee Motors, 92 Niven St., Napier, [email protected], or give them a bell on NZ (06) 843-0406 or toll-free on 0800-33-1234 (90022 L 90006 ada Parts Australia 90007 has closed due to ill health and shipped its parts to their sister operation Gee Motors who now sevice both NZ & Australia 90023) 90218 90211 90006 United 90007 90006 Kingdom 90007 — Lada UK Limited 90022 90023, tom @ lada.co.uk, Tel: 07876-387069, 14 Channel Reach, Channel Road, Blundellsands, Liverpool 90218 90211 90006 South Africa 90007 — Ventz Lazarov, cell. 082 9235055, tel. 033 3472681, email [email protected]; or Chris Swales Motors, Pinetown, 031-7008903; or Centurion Lada, Plot No 8, 17 Mona Avenue, Monavani, Heuweloord, Centurion, tel. 0861-116-007; or Cape Lada Doctor, Michael Heidbreder, cell: 084-337-4919, e.mail: [email protected] 90218 90211 90006 Canada 90007 — Carmine at Ansel Motors, 103 4 St Ne, Calgary, AB T2E 3R8, (403) 262-2248. 90022 Or try other former Lada dealers, eg Frank’s Auto in Ottawa, Burgess Motors in Quebec, Monte Carlo Auto in Winnipeg, 90023 90022 Import Auto Centre 90023 90022 near Toronto, Pro Certified Auto in Regina City Saskatchewan, Italian Motors in Vancouver, Courtenay Car Centre 90023 90022 on Vancouver Island, Ital Motors in Edmonton, or this guy 90023 90022 in Thunder Bay, Ontario.90023 90218 90211 90006 International — 90007 90022 LadaPower (Ukraine), [email protected] or Pavel, e.mail: [email protected]; or Melegh Gábor (Hungary), [email protected] — or check out other after-market parts dealers on my Links page. 90023 90218 90251 90002 90022 Note some of these dealers now also sell after-market parts as well as genuine AvtoVaz / Lada parts, so be clear when you’re ordering if you want genuine AvtoVaz / Lada parts.90023 90004 90002 90022 Also note this information can go out of date suddenly, check with other Niva clubs etc if any of the above are no good (and let me know). 90023 90004 90025 90022 I can not personally vouch for any of these suppliers other than Gee Motors, but Gabor, Ventz, and Carmine all have good reputations on various forums. 90003 When asking for a quote / placing an order full details of your Niva should be supplied as found on the small plate in the engine bay (vehicle description, year model, VIN, engine no, etc.). If you need parts numbers check out the Parts Manual. 90023 90004 90025 Here’s a list of general 90006 substitute Niva parts 90007 if you can not get genuine parts. 90004 90025 One of the few possibile exceptions some consider to the use-only-genuine rule is gearbox bearings — Lada’s are considered poor quality by many, and quality replacements from a reputable manufacturer are often advised. Here’s some 90006 substitute bearings 90007 some people recommend (90022 though beware many once reputable bearing manufacturers are increasingly using cheap labour with low quality controls 90023).90004 90025 90006 Rust and cracks 90006 90007 90007 90004 90025 Nivas are better than most cars of their age for rust, but they can have sporadic steel and paint quality so they can rust in some truly odd places, especially if regular rust-proofing maintenance has not been done (90022 check the back of the workshop manual to see where you should be rust-proofing once a year 90023). 90003 Luckily they are made from thick steels so if you attend to rust spots early you can avoid costly repairs or failures later.More information on 90006 Niva rust traps and rust prevention 90007. 90004 90025 Always give your Niva a good hose down underneath in all it nooks and crannies after playing in the mud as it holds moisture and road salt. 90004 90025 90004 90025 90194 90006 90003 Electric faults 90006 90007 90007 90004 90025 Like older English cars some Nivas can have their share of electric faults. Many of these are caused by the crappy fuse box and are generally easily fixed, once found.The plug in the back can slip out, and the contacts that hold the fuses in often need re-bent into position and / or sanded for better contact. 90006 Where is my fuse box? 90007 90022 Under the dash on the left side. 90023 90004 90025 If not fuses, many faults can be caused by bad earthing. 90004 90025 Here’s Niva electrical schematics. 90004 90025 90022 Tip: Tail lights a bit dim? Pull the bulbs out, give the contacts a good clean / sand, and wash the mud from inside the lenses and reflectors (make sure you pop the bottom tabs into place when you put the lenses back).Sorted. 90023 90313 90003 90022 Tip: Headlights a bit dim? It’s probably the earth — it’s just a wire behind the headlight that is connect by a self-tapping screw into the body, so corrodes etc easily. 90023 90004 90025 90004 90009 90194 90006 90003 Why is the heater constantly hot? 90006 90007 90007 90004 90025 Check the cable from the heater control is opening and closing the in-line valve that closes off hot water to the heater (90022 located in the left side of the right-hand foot-well 90023).If you’re lucky the cable will simply need reattached or adjusted. 90004 90025 If you’re unlucky, and the tap itself has corroded open. While new replacements are easily available 90022 (and if you need one there’s one available with a ceramic centre available that does not seize as easily) 90023, apparently it can be a bit of a PITA to install a new one 90022 (actually not that bad imho) 90023. Some owners simply install a hardware store tap in the heater feed hose under the bonnet to control the flow of hot water to the heater’s radiator; not exactly convenient if you need to turn the flow on and off from the cab, but certainly effective.90004 90025 90004 90025 90006 90003 90007 90006 Crappy steering? 90006 90007 90007 90004 90025 While Niva steering will never be sharp enough to keep Jeremy Clarkson happy, it should not be too bad — it was ages before I worked out that Nivas should not actually have steering as crappy as mine was. If yours is overly heavy, woolly, or just plain scary — it can probably be easily sorted by 90006 adjusting the steering-box 90007.90022 90003 Tip: Many people assume the rubber bushes in a Niva’s suspension are worn out simply because they are looking scruffy. However, most Lada bushes are extremely tough and 9 times out of 10 scruffy looking bushes are not worn at all. So check that there is actually improper movement in the bushes before ordering a new set. 90003 Some owners have found that the bushed bolt holding the lower wishbone in place can benefit from occasional re-tightening.90023 90004 90025 90004 90009 90006 90003 Why are the brakes rubbish? 90006 90006 90007 90007 90007 90004 90025 If everything is working as it should Nivas have excellent brakes. Pre-1994 Nivas did not have self-adjusting brakes, so the rear brakes will need to be manually adjusted even now and again (90022 generally before every WOF / MOT test 90023). It’s a relatively easy job, here’s my tips. 90003 Tip: cylinders from later Nivas can be used to upgrade older Nivas to be self-adjusting.90004 90025 Another thing odd on Niva brakes is the regulator that sits above the rear axle, check this has movement as specified in the manual and is well greased inside its rubber boot. 90004 90025 If new pads or shoes are needed, genuine Lada ones are recommended by most people as they not only give better feel, but they are not overly harsh on the discs / drums like some after-market ones are. If you need to bleed the Niva’s brakes, note that there are 90006 90022 two 90023 90007 nipples on each front caliper.90004 90025 90004 90025 90006 90003 Modifications 90006 90007 90007 90004 90025 We’d probably all like to modify our Nivas to be the ultimate off-roader, especially because of the Niva’s do-it-yourself nature. But in truth many modifications are not really needed (90022 though may of course be fun to do all the same 90023). Before going bananas with modifications this well though out and prepared Niva is a must read — 90006 the Full Hoodoo 90007.90004 90025 90004 90009 90006 90003 What’s the biggest tyres I can fit? 90006 90007 90007 90004 90025 The biggest tyres that will fit on a standard Niva are 195-80 on the standard 16 «steel wheels and 205-80 on the 15 «. You can usually go a size bigger with a Niva lift and / or an arch-trim. For more information see 90006 Tyres — How big can I go? 90007 90004 90025 90004 90025 90004 90025 90006 Suzuki rims 90022 — Warning 90023 90006 90007 90007 90004 90025 A common mod is to fit 15 «Suzuki rims as the Suzuki is one of the few common vehicles to share the Niva wheel’s stud-pattern (PCD).However, be aware 90022 90006 there are some risks associated with fitting Suzuki rims 90007 90023. Firstly there’s legal and insurance issues as the off-set (90022 how much the wheels stick out 90023) makes the track wider than the dealer fitted OEM 15 «rims. 90004 90025 This altered offset is also linked to premature wheel-bearing, ball-joint, tie-rod end, and even steering-box failure. While the jury is out on this, there are too many people who have reported bearing failure after fitting Suzuki rims for it to be likely to be totally unfounded.Note that both the Australian and South African parts dealers 90022 90006 strongly 90007 90023 recommend against fitting Suzuki rims (90022 and they’re the ones who make a living selling you new bits when your oversized rims break them so that says a lot 90023). 90004 90025 It may well depend on the condition of your Niva, the tyre size and pressure you run (90022 higher pressures mean less forces going through the steering gear 90023), and your alignment (Tracking) settings, and wheel-bearing condition.Not to mention Suzuki rims come with varying offsets, some visibly bigger than others. I’d suggest that people using Suzuki rims run their tyres at the highest safe pressure as this greatly lessens the forces needed in the steering. 90004 90025 See my 90006 list of other vehicles with Niva stud pattern / PCD 90007. 90004 90025 90004 90025 90004 90025 90006 Niva Lift-kits? 90006 90007 90007 90004 90025 Lift-kits for Nivas are available off-the-shelf in Brazil, Russia, and Europe; coil lifts are even more widely available.But the Niva is a very easy vehicle for a do-it-yourself lift, especially with the well-tested Hoodoo lift. There are 4 basic methods for a suspension lift — check out this page for extensive 90006 Lada Niva lift information 90007. 90004 90025 90004 90025 90006 90003 Weber swap 90006 90007 90007 90004 90025 The original Russian carburetor on most Nivas is not a bad carburettor, but it is small and a popular modification is to swap it for a Weber found on various European cars (90022 eg the DGAV found on many common Fords of the ’70s and’ 80s, or one from a Fiat).90023 It is a cheap and easy swap, and can usually be done almost totally with factory parts. Although the Lada carburettor is not nearly as bad as many people make out, the Weber has bigger throats so the upgrade is recommended by many for more power and drivability (90022 if you can manage to find a good condition one these days 90023), 90006 more info here 90007. 90004 90025 90004 90025 90006 90003 What engines can I swap in? 90006 90007 90007 90004 90025 While many engine swaps are possible with work (90022 see engine swaps in the mods section in the Gallery 90023), the only engine that is a relatively easy and well documented conversion is the Fiat / Lancia DOHC.There’s info on this swap on my 90006 technical resources page 90007. 90004 90025 90004 90009 90006 90003 Up-rated shock-absorbers 90007 90022 90006 — Warning 90007 90023 90006 90007 90004 90025 Do not put significantly stiffer shocks on the 90022 90006 without 90007 90023 beefing up the mounts — on the front you’ll risk breaking the top mounts clean off. In fact standard Niva front shocks are excellent for off-roading and do not usually need upgraded to stiffer shocks 90022 (stiffer ones will likely decrease your performance off-road) 90023.90004 90025 Replacement shocks (Aka dampers) are of course recommended if your originals are knackered. If you can not get genuine shocks, after-market ones should be fine — just make sure you do not get stiffer than standard. If you do need stiffer front shocks you can strengthen front mounts with some angle section or possibly even just improved welding, 90006 here’s how to up-rate the shock-mounts 90007. 90004 90025 Likewise some owners have also had problems fitting overly stiff shocks (90022 eg gas-shocks 90023) to the rear.90004 90025 Procomp ES9000 are a popular rear upgrade and are available in standard or extended lengths (ie for lifted Nivas). 90004 90025 90004 90025 90004 90025 90006 Other quirks 90006 90007 90007 90004 90025 Do not reset the trip-meter unless you’re stationary. 90003 The front window guides and rubber seal often need lubricated with silicon spray to keep the windows sliding up and down nicely. 90003 Be gentle on the window-winder handles if they’re plastic — they break easily.90003 The big anonymous knob to the right of the main instruments is a dimmer for the instrument lights. 90003 The headlight-wipers only work when when the headlights are also switched on iirc. 90003 The headlights, heater, wipers, etc remain on after the ignition is switched off, so be careful not to leave things on and flatten your battery. 90003 If a fuel smell appears in the cabin, it is likely the breather fuel vapour separator or its hose (that live behind side panel next to the rear seat).90003 Fill the fuel tank slowly, as fuel will probably slosh back out after about half a tank if done at full speed. 90003 A petrol gauge that acts like it’s drunk is normal and not really easily corrected — just learn to read its quirks. 90004 90025 90004 90025 90006 90003 Off roading 90022 90006 — Warning 90007 90023 90006 90007 90007 90004 90025 Mostly common sense, but there are some potentially fatal common traps for beginners — so have a wee read of one of the many excellent off-roading FAQs on the ‘net (90022 such as 90006 Land Rover International’s guide to off-roading 90007 90023) before a serious play or recovery.90003 90022 Tips: The best general advice I can offer is to be gentle instead of thrashing your poor Niva over obstacles, and do not be lazy or too «cool» to get out and walk ahead to check an unfamiliar bit of track or depth of a river, or where ruts go, etc. 90003 Be very very sure you know what you’re doing before doing recoveries. Do not use the tie-down eyes for for an off-road recovery — you will rip your Niva into pieces, and potentially hurt yourself badly.Tow-balls are totally not suitable for recovery, unless of course you’d like a broken tow-ball flying at your head at a million miles per hour 90023 90022 (you can use a tow ball mount with the ball removed and a suitable shackle) 90023 90022. All recovery equipment, including the mounts on your car, should be rated. 90023 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90006 Where can I find out more? 90007 90004 90002 Here’s my 90006 extensive collection of Niva information and resources 90007: 90022 swaps & Modifications, over 50 clubs, lifting the Niva, workshop manuals, tips & Tricks, off-road modifications & upgrades, the famous Cloggy’s Fiat DOHC swap site, and much more… 90023 90004 90002 For English speaking Nivaesti the 90006 Lada.co.uk 90007 forum is the best English speaking Niva fourm, for other languages ​​check out where the closest Niva club is to you. The Niva workshop manual is of course also a very handy source of info that every Niva owner should download. 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90591 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90002 90022 The official up-to-date copy of this page lives permanently at www.ladaniva.co.uk/baxter/resources/newbies.htm If you’re reading it from elsewhere it may not be the most up-to-date copy. 90023 90004 90002 90022 This page is inspired by Andy of Lada Parts Australia, who sent me an e-mail of handy tips when I first bought my Niva, which I found incredibly helpful and formed the seeds of this page to share advice with others. 90023 90004 90002 90004 90591 90006 90007 90004 90591 90004 90591 | Home | Newbies Guide | Cloggy’s DOHC | Lada Niva Clubs | Niva Lift Kits | Gallery | Links | 90004 90591 90004 90009 Please read the General Disclaimer near the bottom of this page 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 .90000 Lada Niva 4×4 Cossack Cabrio 90001 90002 The Niva is an established and capable off-roader but the more expensive dressed-up Cossack Cabrio aims at a different market — and misses 90003 90002 90005 PRICE 90006 £ 8253, 90005 TOP SPEED 90006 74mph, 90005 0-60mph 90006 18.9secs, 90005 MPG 90006 18.8 90013 90005 FOR 90006 Ride 90005 AGAINST 90006 Refinement, comfort, brakes 90003 90002 The Lada Niva 4×4 has been available in (his country in rhd form since 19 & 3.but its rather basic appearance effectively limited it to farming and construction applications. The Knightsbridge off-roader on a limited budget invariably opted for the Suzuki jeep, but with the Cossack Cabrio. Lada Cars is hoping that things might change. 90003 90021 90002 The Cossack pack includes alloy wheels, cloth scats and a host of other cosmetic extras which, with the Cabrio conversion, adds £ 2300 to the Niva’s £ 5695 price tag. The Niva it self is a slightly different animal nowadays, and since the last time we featured one there has been a number of changes including the addition of a fifth gear.90003 90002 The basic layout of the Lada Niva has not changed since its inception, but despite its rather utilitarian appearance the chassis and drivelinc arc actually quite sophisticated. Permanent four-wheel drive with a lockable centre differential and two-speed transfer box reads like a Range Rover spec sheet. and the Niva is also blessed with coil springing all round and independent front suspension — in fact no other off-roader combines all these features. 90003 90002 Powering the Niva is Lada’s own overhead-camshaft 1600 four-cylinder engine.This is virtually unchanged since its introduction and is still equipped with contact breaker ignition, although ils eight valves arc to be found in an alloy cylinder head. A twin-choke downdraught carb allows it to develop 78bhp at 5400rpm, with maximum torque of 881b ft produced at 3000rpm. 90013 90003 90029 90013 90005 Corduroy seat 90006 coverings and new steering wheel improve the interior 90002 90034 90013 90036 90005 Behind the new wheel 90006 the instrumentalion is clear and extensive 90039 90003 90002 The Lada-designed gearbox gained its fifth gear at the end of одна тисячі дев’ятсот вісімдесят п’ять.although it obviously took the interior stylists by surprise — the gearchange layout label on the transmission tunnel on our test vehicle had fifth gear drawn in with a Biro. The new ratio gives 19.2mph per 1000rpm and is effectively an overdrive top to quieten things down on the motorway. 90003 90002 Drive to all four wheels is through the two-speed transfer ‘box and centre differential, low ratio being selected by a lever alongside the main gear lever. Another small lever on the transmission tunnel engages the manual centre diff lock, and this is indicated by an amber light on the dash.90003 90002 At the front, double wishbone suspension with coil springing, telescopic dampers and an anti-roll bar help to keep the wheels under control, while the live rear axle is again coil-sprung and located by a Panhard rod and four longitudinal radius arms. Manual worm and roller steering is fitted to all Nivas. and no power-assisted option is available. 90003 90002 Standard Nivas sit on 5Jxl6inch pressed steel wheels shod with 175’82 Volzhsk tyres, but on Cossack mod els these are replaced with whitc-paintcd aluminium alloy 6Jxl5 wheels with Michelin M & S 185R 15s.No changes are made to the final drive or gearbox ratios for the different wheel sizes, but in fact because the Michelins are not a low profile design the rolling radii arc very similar. 90003 90002 The Cossack package has been on offer from Lada dealers since the middle of last year, and as well as the alloy wheels it includes plastic wheel arch extensions, front and rear bull bars (the rear including a spare wheel carrier and wheel cover because the alloy wheel will not fit in the usual place under the bonnet), corduroy padded scat covers and full carpeting.90003 90002 90052 90013 90005 Smart seats: 90006 still uncomfortable 90003 90002 90058 90013 90005 Diff lock 90006 and high-low lever 90003 90002 The steering wheel, arguably the least pleasant aspect of the standard Niva, is replaced by a smaller four-spoke leather-rimmed number, and the door mirrors are changed for matt black items. A pair of driving lamps and a set of body stripes complete the list. and the pack is of course available separately from the soft top conversion.90003 90002 Equally, you can have a Cabrio without the Cossack if you want, the conversion being carried out on new Niva’s to order by Top Hat Conversions. What it docs is cut the rear bodywork away above the line of the rear side windows and behind the В pillars, welding two braces across the rear wings under the parcel shelf to restore the structural rigidity. The standard tailgate is cut down and re-hinged. and the В posts arc joined across the top by a roll bar. 90003 90002 The hood itself is of black vinyl, with a clear rear window panel, and secured by press studs everywhere except across the top of the windscreen.There a steel reinforcing strip fits in a slot in the top of the screen surround, and the hood is supported by two hinged loops behind the roll bar — these have an over-centre device on each side to tension the hood. 90003 90002 90070 90013 90005 Engine 90006 is the familiar ohc 1.6-litre four producing 78bhp at 5400rpm 90003 90002 From the driver’s point of view the Cossack is the same 3s an ordinary Niva. that is to say basic. A trip speedo and rev counter live in a console, the trip reset being via a knob with which you have to wind back all the digits.Rocker switches control the two speed fan, headlights and fog lamps, while gauges for oil pressure, fuel contents and water temperature arc standard — on our test car the oil pressure would fall to zero on tickover with a warm engine. 90003 90002 90078 90013 90005 Cabrio 90006 conversion is extensive and includes new wheels and tyres plus bull 90013 bars front and rear in addition to the obvious cutting of the roof 90003 90002 Three stalks on the steering column control indicators and headlamp dip on the left, single speed plus intermittent wipers on the right.A separate button works the headlamp wash wipe which is standard on all Nivas. None of the electrics seems to be routed through the ignition switch though, so it is perfectly possible to park and lock the car with the wipers and fan running as well as the lights on if you are in a hurry. 90003 90002 90087 90013 90005 Useful 90006 headlight wash / wipe 90003 90002 The Lada engine starts easily enough from cold provided full manual choke is used, but it takes a long time to warm upand run cleanly.The heater does not work until the engine has been running for five minutes or so. and even then there is only a pair of swivelling louvred vents on top of the dash that have to double as demist and face level outlets — foot-level heating is taken care of by opening a large flap under the console. 90003 90002 Underneath the cord upholstery of the Cossack, the front scats are the same items Niva’s have always had. with slide and three position backrest adjustment only. They look like refugees from a тисячі дев’ятсот шістьдесят п’ять Ford Anglia and unfortunately feel just as bad.The problem is the scats bend backwards at the top and provide no support above the small of the back. 90003 90002 There is not enough rearward movement for six-foot plus drivers, and with the scats well back legroom for the rear passengers is severely restricted. The front scat passengers have a reasonable amount of headroom. but. in the rear, heads tend to touch one of the hoops that support the soft top. 90003 90002 The cabrio conversion means that luggage space is at a premium with four passengers aboard.The pared shelf is fixed in place to provide a rather small boot, and access to this can be a real pain. To open the boot, the spare wheel earner has to be swung out of the way and the press studs for the hood disconncctcd. The cut-down boot opens with the standard handle, but the original gas strut is too strong and needs a hefty shove to dose the boot again. Then the hood has to be reattached, but it needs the support hoops releasing to take the tension off the studs. 90003 90002 As far as removing (he hood is concerned, it can be taken down in two minutes flat.When folded, it lives on the parcel shelf under a vinyl cover that attaches to the press studs. Putting it up is rather more fiddly though, with plenty of Velero to get snagged and lots of press studs that never quite seem to line up first time. 90003 90002 To put it kindly, road use does not show the Lada in its best light. The engine is rough and lacking in mid-range power, although the gear-change is reasonably precise and the clutch light enough even though there is no space for the driver’s left foot.90003 90002 90105 90013 90036 90005 Top’s 90006 fasteners ore awkward 90039 90003 90002 The five-speed Niva is hopelessly overgeared in top — a change down to fourth is essential to maintain progress on the slightest motorway upgrade. A top speed of 78mph is achieved in fourth, and an indicated 70mph (66mph true) is the maximum practical cruising speed. This equates to 4000rpm. but there is very little engine noise at this speed because wind noise, tyre noise and transmission whine dominate while the soft top tends to flap against the support hoops to add to the general din.90013 90003 90002 Around town the Niva fares rather better. The ride is good over small and large irregularities, and the front anti-roll bar docs a good job of controlling the cornering roll induced by the high centre of gravity and long travel suspension. 90003 90002 The steering is another matter though. At 3.3 turns lock to lock the gearing would not be out of place on a sports car. but in manual form on the Niva it is simply far too heavy. The brakes too could do with improvement.Even though discs are fitted at the front, they have trouble coping with almost a ton and a half of car. The pedal feels spongy and a lot of pressure is required to stop quickly, and in our fade tests over four times the pedal pressure was needed towards the end of the test. 90003 90002 On the road, the full Cossack Cabrio treatment on a Niva will set you back just under £ 8000. while a soft top Suzuki jeep can be had for under £ 6000. Both vehicles arc uncomfortable motorway cruisers, and around town the Niva’s steering and brakes need far too much effort.The Japanese offering is a much smaller vehicle though, certainly not capable of seating four adults in comfort for any length of time. The Lada has the benefit of five speeds, permanent four-wheel drive and a much better ride, but the Suzuki is streets ahead in terms of fit and finish. Although it’sof little interest to the Chelsea farmer, both vehicles are very capable off-roaders. 90003 90002 TEST UPDATE 90013 90123 90003 90002 MODEL 90003 90002 LADA NIVA COSSACK CABRIO 90003 90002 PRODUCED BY: 90003 90002 Volzhsky Motor Works.Togliatti. USSR 90003 90002 SOLD IN THE UK BY: 90003 90002 Lada Cars. 90003 90002 Carnaby Industrial Estate, 90003 90002 Bridlington, 90003 90002 North Humberside 90003 90002 SPECIFICATION 90003 90002 ENGINE 90003 90002 Longways, front, front, 4-whoel drive. Head / block al.alloy / cast iron. 4 cylinders in lino, bored block, 5 main bearings. Water cooled, viscous fan. 90003 90002 Bore 79mm 13.11 in), stroke 80mm (3.15in), capacity 1569cc (95.85 cu in). 90003 90002 Valve gear ohc. 2 valves per cylinder, chain camshaft drivo. Compression ratio 8.5 to 1. Contact breaker ignition, single 0zon-20 twin choke downdraught carburettor. 90003 90002 Max power / 8bhp (PS DIN) (58.2kW ISO) at 5400rpm. Max torque 881b ft at 3400rpm. 90003 90002 TRANSMISSION 90003 90002 5-speed manual, single plate, diaphragm spring clutch, 8.1 in. 90013 90003 90160 90161 90162 90163 Gear 90164 90163 Ratio 90164 90163 mph / 1000 rpm (high) 90164 90163 mph / 1000 rpm (low) 90164 90171 90162 90163 Top 90164 90163 082 90164 90163 19.24 90164 90163 1083 90164 90171 90162 90163 4th 90164 90163 1.00 90164 90163 15.78 90164 90163 886 90164 90171 90162 90163 3rd 90164 90163 1.36 90164 90163 11.60 90164 90163 651 90164 90171 90162 90163 2nd 90164 90163 2.10 90164 90163 7.51 90164 90163 422 90164 90171 90162 90163 1st 90164 90163 3.67 90164 90163 4.30 90164 90163 2.41 90164 90171 90222 90223 90002 Final drive: hypoid, ratio 4.1. High transfer ratio 1.200. Low transfer ratio 2.135. 90003 90002 SUSPENSION 90003 90002 Front, independent, double wishbone, coil springs, telescopic dampers, anti-roll bar. 90003 90002 Rear, live axle. Panhard rod, four link location, coil springs, telescopic dampers. 90003 90002 STEERING 90003 90002 Worm and roller.Steering wheel diameter 15.5in, 3.3 turns lock to lock. 90013 BRAKES 90003 90002 Dual circuits, split front / rear. Front 10.75in (273mm) dia discs. Rear 9.8in (249mm) dia drums. Vacuum servo. Handbrake, centre lever acting on rear drums. 90003 90002 WHEELS 90003 90002 Pressed steel — standard Niva, alloy on Cossack, Sin rims. Radial, tubed tyres (Volzhsk standard, Michelin snow tyres on Cossack), size 185SR15, pressures F24 R? 4 psi (normal driving). 90003 90002 EQUIPMENT 90003 90002 Battery 12V.55Ah. Alternator 47A Headlamps 110 120W. Reversing lamp standard. Single-speed plus intermittent screen wipers. Electric screen washer. Water valve interior heater. Vinyl scats, vinyl headlining. Carpet with heelmat floor covering. Scre 90003 90247 90161 90162 90163 90160 90161 90162 90254 MAXIMUM SPEEDS (high ratio) 90164 90171 90162 90163 Gear 90164 90163 mph kph 90164 90163 rpm 90164 90171 90162 90163 OD Top (Mean) 90164 90163 74 119 90164 90163 38 bO 90164 90171 90162 90163 (Best) 90164 90163 78 126 90164 90163 4060 90164 90171 90162 90163 4th (Mean) 90164 90163 78 126 90164 90163 49C0 90164 90171 90162 90163 (Best) 90164 90163 81 130 90164 90163 5100 90164 90171 90162 90163 3rd 90164 90163 67 108 90164 90163 6000 90164 90171 90162 90163 2nd 90164 90163 40 12 90164 90163 6000 90164 90171 90162 90163 1st 90164 90163 26 42 90164 90163 6000 90164 90171 90222 90223 90164 90171 90222 90223 90002 w pillar jack; 2 jacking points each side.Laminated windscreen. 90003 90002 PERFORMANC 90003 ACCELERATION FROM REST 90013 90247 90161 90162 90163 90160 90161 90162 90163 True 90164 90163 Time 90164 90163 Speedo 90164 90171 90162 90163 mph 90164 90163 (sec) 90164 90163 mph 90164 90171 90162 90163 30 90164 90357 4.4 90164 90163 33 90164 90171 90162 90163 40 90164 90163 7.2 90164 90163 44 90164 90171 90162 90163 5О 90164 90163 12.5 90164 90163 54 90164 90171 90162 90163 60 90164 90163 189 90164 90163 64 90164 90171 90162 90163 70 90164 90163 32.0 90164 90163 74 90164 90171 90222 90223 90164 90171 90222 90223 90013 IN EACH GEAR 90013 90160 90161 90162 90163 mph 90164 90163 Top 90164 90163 4th 90164 90163 3rd 90164 90163 2nd 90164 90171 90162 90163 10-30 90164 90163 — 90164 90163 — 90164 90163 84 90164 90163 50 90164 90171 90162 90163 20-40 90164 90163 21.9 90164 90163 12.4 90164 90163 78 90164 90163 5.2 90164 90171 90162 90163 30-50 90164 90163 24.1 90164 90163 13.1 90164 90163 8.2 90164 90163 — 90164 90171 90162 90163 40 60 90164 90163 28.5 90164 90163 16.1 90164 90163 10.2 90164 90163 — 90164 90171 90162 90163 50 70 90164 90163 34.3 90164 90163 34.5 90164 90163 15 5 90164 90163 — 90164 90171 90162 90163 60 80 90164 90163 — 90164 90163 64.9 90164 90163 — 90164 90163 — 90164 90171 90222 90223 90013 CONSUMPTION FUELOverall mpg: 18.8 (15.0litres’100km) 4.1mpl 90013 Autocar formula: Hard 16.9 mpg Driving Average 20.7 mpg and conditions Gentle 24.4mpg 90013 Grade of fuel: Premium. 4-star (9 / RM) Fuel tank: 10 Imp galls (45 litres) 90013 Mileage recorder: 1.5 percent long Oil: multigrado, negligible 90002 BRAKING 90003 90160 90161 90162 90499 Fado {from 62mph in noutral) Pedal load for 0.5 g stops in lb 90164 90171 90162 90163 start / end 90164 90163 start / end 90164 90171 90162 90163 1 40 45 90164 90163 6 60-80 90164 90171 90162 90163 2 3540 90164 90163 7 80-110 90164 90171 90162 90163 3 40 42 90164 90163 8 80-160 90164 90171 90162 90163 4 45-65 90164 90163 9 50 150 90164 90171 90162 90163 5 60-90 90164 90163 10 50-80 90164 90171 90162 90499 Response (from 30mph in noutral) 90164 90171 90162 90163 Load з 90164 90163 I Distance 90164 90171 90162 90499 201b 0.12 251ft 90164 90171 90162 90499 30 lb 0.30 100ft 90164 90171 90162 90499 401b 0.54 56ft 90164 90171 90162 90499 501b 0.70 43ft 90164 90171 90162 90499 601b 0.90 33ft 90164 90171 90162 90499 651b 0.98 30.7ft 90164 90171 90162 90499 Handbrake 0.34 89ft 90164 90171 90222 90223 90002 Max gradient: 1 in 4 90013 CLUTCH Pedal 25b; Travel 6in 90013 WEIGHTKerb 21.2cwt / 2376lb / 1075kg (Distribution F / R, 65.5 / 34.5) 90013 Test 24.0cwt / 2689lb / 1217kg Max payload 727lb / 1607kg 90013 Towing weight 3282lb / 1485kg 90003 90002 COSTS 90003 90160 90161 90162 90163 Prices 90164 90171 90162 90163 Basic £ 4571.25 90164 90171 90162 90163 Special Car Tax £ 380.92 90164 90171 90162 90163 VAT £ / 42.83 90164 90171 90162 90163 Total (in GB) £ 5695.00 90164 90171 90162 90163 licenco £ 100.00 90164 90171 90162 90163 Dolivory charge (London) £ 138.00 90164 90171 90162 90163 Number plates £ 20.00 90164 90171 90162 90163 Total on the Road £ 5953.00 90164 90171 90162 90163 (excluding insurance) 90164 90171 90162 90163 Insuranco group 4 90164 90171 90162 90163 EXTRAS (fitted to test car) 90164 90171 90162 90163 Cossack Cabrio pack £ 2300.00 90164 90171 90162 90163 (N.R Cossack Cabrio pack is a 90164 90171 90162 90163 dealer option and price may vary 90164 90171 90162 90163 from that published.) 90164 90171 90162 90163 Total as tested 90164 90171 90162 90163 on the road £ 8253.00 90164 90171 90222 90223 90013 SERVICE & PARTS 90247 90161 90162 90163 90160 90161 90162 90670 Change 90164 90672 Interval 90164 90171 90162 90163 6000 90164 90163 12,000 90164 90163 18,000 90164 90171 90162 90163 Engine oil 90164 90163 Yes 90164 90163 Yes 90164 90163 Yes 90164 90171 90162 90163 Oil filter Gearbox oil 90164 90163 Yes No 90164 90163 Yes Yes 90164 90163 Yes No 90164 90171 90162 90163 Spark plugs 90164 90163 No 90164 90163 Yes 90164 90163 No 90164 90171 90162 90163 Air cleanor 90164 90163 Yes 90164 90163 Yes 90164 90163 Yes 90164 90171 90162 90163 C / breaker 90164 90163 No 90164 90163 Yes 90164 90163 No 90164 90171 90162 90163 Total cost 90164 90499 £ 62 44 £ 99.03 90164 90163 £ 72.45 90164 90171 90222 90223 90164 90171 90162 90163 (Assuming labour at £ 18.20 an hour inc VAT) 90164 90171 90222 90223 90013 90247 90161 90162 90163 90160 90161 90162 90163 PARTS COST (inc VAT) 90164 90171 90162 90163 Brake pads (2 wheels) front £ 11.18 90164 90171 90162 90163 Brake shoes (2 wheels) roar £ 14.03 90164 90171 90162 90163 Exhaust completo £ 93.15 90164 90171 90162 90163 Tyre -each (typical) £ 81.30 90164 90171 90162 90163 Windscreen £ 89.52 90164 90171 90162 90163 Headlamp unit £ 11.75 90164 90171 90162 90163 front wing £ 61.03 90164 90171 90162 90163 Rear bumper £ 59.10 90164 90171 90222 90223 90164 90171 90162 90163 WARRANTY 90013 74 months. 50.000 miles 90164 90171 90222 90223 90013 90247 90161 90162 90357 EQUIPMENT 90164 90171 90162 90357 90160 90161 90162 90163 Automatic 90164 90163 N / A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Cruise control 90164 90163 N / A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Economy gauge 90164 90163 N’A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Power steering 90164 90163 N / A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Rev counter 90164 90163 • 90164 90171 90162 90163 Solf-lovelling suspension 90164 90163 N’A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Trip computer 90164 90163 N / A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Headrests front 90164 90163 • 90164 90171 90162 90163 Heated seats 90164 90163 N / A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Height adjustment 90164 90163 N / A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Roar seat belts 90164 90163 N / A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Split rear scats 90164 90163 N / A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Door mirror remote control 90164 90163 N / A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Electric windows 90164 90163 N / A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Heated rear window 90164 90163 N / A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Sunroof 90164 90163 N’A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Tinted glass 90164 90163 N / A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Hoadlamp wash / wipe 90164 90163 • 90164 90171 90162 90163 Tailgate wash wipe 90164 90163 N / A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Central locking 90164 90163 N’A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Cigar liqhter 90164 90163 • 90164 90171 90162 90163 Clock (analogue) 90164 90163 • 90164 90171 90162 90163 Fog lamps 90164 90163 • 90164 90171 90162 90163 Locking fuel cap 90164 90163 • 90164 90171 90162 90163 Luggage cover 90164 90163 N / A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Metallic paint 90164 90163 N / A 90164 90171 90162 90163 Alloy wheels 90164 90163 T 90164 90171 90162 90163 Bull bars 90164 90163 t 90164 90171 90162 90163 Radio / cassette 90164 90163 DO 90164 90171 90162 90163 Aerial 90164 90163 • 90164 90171 90162 90163 Speakers 90164 90163 DO 90164 90171 90222 90223 90164 90171 90162 90163 • Standard N’A Not applicable t Part of option packuge DO Dealer Option 90164 90171 90222 90223 91012 Autocar, 1987 90003 90013 .